Glomerulosclerosis - pathological changes

Into the kidney after repeated branch , the final form afferent artery. After entering the glomerular afferent arterioles , and then branch repeatedly , and finally into many lobular capillary loop shape , and among the various branches of the capillary formation of vascular anastomosis have mutual goals . Finally, each lobular capillary arterioles and then merged into a ball leaving the glomeruli. General efferent than the afferent arterioles fine arteries , resulting in a higher pressure in the blood vessels ball. Outside glomus package has renal capsule , renal capsule has outer and inner layers of epithelial cells, kidney cells between two small cysts . Renal capsule outer cells connected with the proximal tubule epithelium, renal cysts and proximal tubule lumen tube connected . Renal capsule layer is constituted by the projection of podocytes .
Ball thin capillary endothelium of blood vessels . Electron microscope soma capillary endothelial cells have many round holes, called hole, diameter of about 50 ~ 100nm, distributed more regular. Between the capillary endothelial cells and podocytes renal capsule with a layer of the basement membrane , which is mainly composed of mucopolysaccharides and reticular fiber network composed of interconnection voids , like paper . That is, outside the base film podocytes . Small protrusions podocytes intertwined to form many holes , hole size of about 20 ~ 40nm. Podocytes shrink or swell projections can change the size of the hole , thereby regulating the permeability of the filter material renal corpuscles .
Blood flows through the substance of glomerular capillaries , must have a hole through the capillary endothelium, basement membrane , protruding foot hole between the secondary cell membrane to reach the renal capsule , these three films constitute a filtration membrane or filter over the barrier. After filtration membrane filtration of blood , renal cysts reach the original urine or liquid called glomerular filtration solution .
If human urine protein found in blood cells and macromolecules for glomerular lesions : renal capsule only play the role of receiving the original urine .